Izixhumi ezisheshayo ezingangeni manzi zibhekana nezinselelo zokufakwa ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene. Bathuthukisa ukuthembeka ngokuvimbela ukulimala kwamanzi kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuxhuma okuphephile. Ukuguquguquka kwazo kusekela izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi, kufaka phakathi ukufakwa kwangaphandle, izilungiselelo zezimboni, namaphrojekthi okuhlala. Lezi zixhumi zibalulekile ekugcineni ukusebenza nokuphila isikhathi eside ezimweni ezinzima.
Okuthathwayo Okubalulekile
- Izixhumi ezisheshayo ezingangeni manzi zenza kube lula ukufakwa, zinciphisa isikhathi sokuhlanganisa ngokufika ku-30%. Lokhu kusebenza kahle kunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula esibizayo ezindaweni zokukhiqiza.
- Lezi zixhumi zithuthukisa ukwethembeka ngokuvimbela ukulimala kwamanzi, ukuqinisekisaukuxhumana okuvikelekilengisho nasezimweni ezinzima. Izimpawu zabo eziqinile zivimba umswakama ngokuphumelelayo.
- Ukutshala imali kwizixhumi ezisheshayo ezingangeni emanzini kuholela ekongeni isikhathi eside. Ukuqina kwazo kunciphisa izidingo zokunakekelwa futhi kwehlisa izindleko zokushintshwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Izinzuzo Zezixhumi Ezisheshayo Ezingangeni Manzi
Ukufakwa Okwenziwa Lula
Izixhumi ezisheshayo ezingangeni manzi zilula kakhulu inqubo yokufaka. Idizayini yabo ye-modular ivumela ukuxhumana okuzimele kwephinikhodi ngayinye ye-pogo. Lesi sici senza ukwakheka nokuhlangana kwebhodi lesifunda. Inqubo yokufaka enembile inciphisa ingozi yokuhluleka kukagesi ngenxa yokuhlangana okungalungile. Ucwaningo oluvela kumkhiqizi wemishini yezokwelapha yaseJalimane lwembula ukuncishiswa okumangazayo okungama-30% esikhathini sokuhlanganisa ngenxa yalo mklamo wokuxhumana owenziwe lula.
- Ukunqanyulwa okusheshayo nokuxhuma kabusha ngaphandle kwamathuluzi kunciphisa isikhathi sokulungisa.
- Ezimweni zokukhiqiza, iminithi ngalinye libalulekile. Lezi zixhumi zisiza ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula esibizayo.
- Idizayini inciphisa ingozi yamaphutha ngesikhathi sokulungiswa, ithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle okuphelele.
Ukuthembeka Okuthuthukisiwe
Ukwethembeka kubalulekile kunoma yikuphi ukufakwa, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezithanda umswakama. Izixhumi ezisheshayo ezingangeni emanzini zihamba phambiliukuvimbela ukulimala kwamanziezinhlelweni zikagesi. Bakha uphawu oluqinile ezizungeze izixhumanisi, bavimbe ngempumelelo ukungena kwamanzi. Izigxivizo zenjoloba noma ze-silicone zilingana kahle ezintanjeni, eziqinisekisa ukuxhumana okungangenisi amanzi. Izindlela zokukhiya ezengeziwe zithuthukisa ukuphepha futhi zinqande ukunqanyulwa kwengozi.
- Izixhumi zangokwezifiso ze-wet-mate zenzelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingaphansi kwamanzi, ziqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile.
- Ziyazivikela futhi zimelana nokugqwala, okusiza ekuvimbeleni ukulimala kwamanzi.
- Lezi zixhumi azidingi izindlela ezengeziwe zokuvala, ezizenza zisebenze futhi ziphumelele.
Izindleko-Ngempumelelo
Ukutshala imali kwizixhumi ezisheshayo ezingangeni manzi kufakazela ukuthi kubiza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Banciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula kanye nezidingo zokunakekelwa, behlisa izindleko eziqondile ngenkathi bethuthukisa ukusebenza kahle. Nakuba izindleko zokuqala zingase zibe phezulu, ukuqina kwazo kanye nokumelana nezindaba ezihlobene nomswakama kuvimbela ukulungiswa njalo. Lokhu kubangela ukonga okuphawulekayo kwesikhathi eside.
- Izixhumi ezingangeni manzi ziholela ezindlekweni eziphansi zokushintshwa nokulungisa ngenxa yokuphila kwazo okuthuthukisiwe okuthuthukisiwe.
- Banciphisa imvamisa yokuhluleka kukagesi, bakhulise ukukhiqiza ezindaweni zezimboni.
- Ukutshala imali kulezi zixhumi ekugcineni kuholela ekulungisweni okumbalwa nokushintshwa, konga imali ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
| Uhlobo Lwesixhumi | Ubude bempilo (Iminyaka) | Imvamisa Yokushintsha |
|---|---|---|
| Izixhumi ezingangeni manzi | 3 – 10 | Akuvamile |
| Izixhumi Ezingangeni Manzi | <3 | Kaningi |
Ukusebenza Kwezixhumi Ezisheshayo Ezingangeni Manzi Ezimeni Ezinzima
Izixhumi ezisheshayo ezingangeni manzi ziyaphumelelaezindaweni eziyinselele, kukhombisa ukusebenza okumangalisayo ezimeni ezahlukahlukene. Ukwakheka kwazo nezinto zokwakha kuqinisekisa ukuthi zimelana namanzi, umswakama, nezinye izici zemvelo.
Ukumelana Namanzi Nomswakama
Izixhumi ezisheshayo ezingangeni manzi zihlolwa ngokuqinile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukumelana kwazo namanzi kanye nomswakama. Lezi zixhumi zivame ukuzuza isilinganiso se-IP68, okubonisa amandla azo okubekezelela ukucwiliswa emanzini okuqhubekayo okungaphezu kwemitha elilodwa.
Izindlela Zokuhlola:
Uhlobo Lokuhlola Incazelo Ukuhlolwa Kwesifutho Samanzi Isebenzisa uhlelo lokujikeleza kwamanzi ukuhlola ukumelana kwezixhumi kwisifutho samanzi. Ukuhlolwa kokucwiliswa Ihlola ukusebenza kwezixhumi lapho icwiliswa emanzini isikhathi esicacisiwe.
Lezi zivivinyo zibonisa ukuthi izixhumi ezisheshayo ezingangeni emanzini zigcina ubuqotho bazo ngisho nasezimeni ezinzima kakhulu. Izindlela zabo zokuvala eziqinile zivimbela ukungena kwamanzi, ziqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile.
Ukuqina Ngokumelene Nezici Zemvelo
Ukuqina kuwuphawuyezixhumi ezisheshayo ezingangeni manzi. Bamelana nezinto ezihlukahlukene zemvelo, okuhlanganisa ukuchayeka kwe-UV, amazinga okushisa adlulele, nokucindezeleka kwemishini.
Izinto ezibonakalayo:
Okubalulekile Izakhiwo Izinto zePolymer Amandla aphezulu e-dielectric, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukumelana nengcindezi, ukumelana nokugqoka, ukuqhekeka kanye nokumelana nokushaqeka PA66 Ukubumba okuhle, ukumelana nogesi okuqinile, kugcina amandla e-dielectric ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa eziphezulu kanye nomswakama
Lezi zinto zithuthukisa ikhono lezixhumi lokusebenza ezimeni ezinzima. Zimelana nokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa ukusuka ku -40°C kuya ku-+80°C, okuzenza zifanelekele izimo zezulu ezihlukahlukene.
Ukusebenza Kwesikhathi Eside
Ukusebenza kwesikhathi eside kubalulekile kunoma yikuphi ukufakwa. Izixhumi ezisheshayo ezingangeni manzi zenzelwe ukuphila isikhathi eside, ezidinga ukulungiswa okuncane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Izidingo zesondlo:
Imfuneko Yesondlo Incazelo Gwema ukwelula ngokweqile Lokhu kungase kubangele ukuxega koxhumano olusuka kuntambo noma ukulimala kukhebula, okuholela ekuxhumaneni okubi. Gwema imithelela enamandla Imithelela enamandla noma ukwehla kungalimaza isakhiwo sangaphakathi sezixhumi ezingangeni manzi, kuthinte ukusebenza kwazo kokuvala. Vimbela i-oxidation Amapulaki nezisekelo zezixhumi zingase zibe oxidize ngokuhamba kwesikhathi; sebenzisa izinto zokuhlanza ezizinikele kanye nezinto zokugcoba ukuze zilungiswe. Vikela uma inqanyuliwe Uma ingasetshenziswa, vikela izixhumi emanzini nasothulini ukuze uvimbele ukungcola ukuthi kuphazamise ukusebenza kukagesi.
Ngokulandela lawa macebiso alula okulungisa, abasebenzisi bangaqinisekisa ukuthi izixhumi zabo ezisheshayo ezingangeni emanzini ziqhubeka nokusebenza kahle iminyaka. Inhlanganisela yokuqina, ukumelana nezinto zemvelo, kanye nezidingo zokunakekelwa okuphansi kwenza lezi zixhumi zibe ukukhetha okuthembekile kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene.
Ukuhlukahluka Kwezixhumi Ezisheshayo Ezingangeni Manzi Kuzo Zonke Izicelo
Izixhumi ezisheshayo ezingangeni manziakhanye ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene, abonise ukuguquguquka kwawo nokuthembeka.
Ukusetshenziswa Kwangaphandle Nasolwandle
Ezindaweni zangaphandle nezasolwandle, izixhumi ezisheshayo ezingangeni emanzini zidlala indima ebalulekile. Zimelana nezimo ezinzima, ziqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile. Lezi zixhumi zibalulekile ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi:
- Izimoto ezingaphansi kwamanzi (ROV, AUV, UUV)
- Imishini yasolwandle
- Amasistimu we-Sonar
- Amalambu okuzulazula
Lezi zixhumi zifaka phakathi izilinganiso ze-IP68/IP69K, ezivimbela ukungena kwamanzi anosawoti futhi zivikele ekugqwaleni. Bakha uphawu oluvimba umswakama, babhekane nezinselelo ezivamile njengokwehluleka kukagesi ekufakweni olwandle.
Izicelo zezimboni nezentengiso
Ezilungiselelweni zezimboni, izixhumi ezisheshayo ezingangeni emanzini zithuthukisa ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle. Zisetshenziswa kakhulu ku:
- Imishini yokusebenza ephathwa ngesandla
- Imishini yezokwelapha
- Imihlangano yobuchwepheshe bokukhanyisa i-LED
Lezi zixhumi zibekezelela imithwalo ephezulu ye-liquid, okuzenza zilungele izinhlelo zokuwasha kanye nezindawo zokucubungula ukudla. Ziphinde futhi zihlangabezane namazinga okuphepha, njengezilinganiso ze-IP67 ne-IP68, eziqinisekisa ukuvikeleka othulini nasemanzini. Lokhu kwethembeka kubalulekile ekugcineni ubuqotho bokusebenza ezinhlelweni zokukhanyisa zezentengiselwano, lapho zikhanyisa izindawo zokupaka nezindlela zokuhamba.
Ukufakwa Kwezindawo Zokuhlala
Izixhumi ezisheshayo ezingangeni manzi zithuthukisa kakhulu ukufakwa kukagesi ezindlini zokuhlala. Banikeza izinzuzo eziningana:
- Ukuphepha okuthuthukisiwe ngokuvikela ukushaqeka kukagesi nemililo
- Ukwethenjelwa okwengeziwe ngokuvimbela ukugqwala
- Ukuphila isikhathi eside kwezinhlelo, ukuvikela ubuqotho bukagesi
Lezi zixhumi zakha izindawo ezivaliwe ezizungeze ukuxhumana kukagesi, okuqinisekisa ukuthi ama-automation asekhaya kanye nezinhlelo zokukhanyisa ngaphandle zihlala zisebenza kahle futhi zithembekile. Idizayini yabo eqinile ivumela abanikazi bezindlu ukuthi bajabulele ukuthula kwengqondo, bazi ukuthi ukufakwa kwabo kungamelana nezakhi.
Izixhumi ezisheshayo ezingangeni manzi zibalulekile ekufakweni okuthembekile nokuguquguqukayo. Zivikela ukuxhunywa kukagesi emswakama, okungase kubangele ukugqwala futhi kuholele ezingozini ezinkulu zokuphepha. Ukukhetha isixhumi esifanele kuthinta kakhulu ukusebenza nokuphila isikhathi eside.
Okucatshangelwayo Okubalulekile:
- Linganisa ukuqina nokuthembeka.
- Hlola imiphumela yokwehluleka kwesixhumi.
- Qinisekisa ukuhambisana nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile.
Ukuqonda izinzuzo nokusetshenziswa kwalezi zixhumi kunikeza abasebenzisi amandla okwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi, ekugcineni kuthuthukisa ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle kumaphrojekthi abo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-10-2025