Izinga lokushisa eliphezuluikhebula le-fiber opticidlala indima ebalulekile emapayipini kawoyela negesi. Okwesimanjeikhebula le-fiber optic yangaphandlefuthiikhebula le-fiber optic elingaphansi komhlabaukumelanaizingcindezi ezifika ku-25,000 psi namazinga okushisa afika ku-347°F. Intambo yefiberinika amandla isikhathi sangempela, inzwa esabalalisiwe, ihlinzeka ngedatha enembile yokuphepha kwamapayipi nokusebenza kahle.
Okuthathwayo Okubalulekile
- Izintambo ezisezingeni eliphezulu ze-fiber optic zimelana nokushisa okukhulu, ukucindezela, namakhemikhali, okuvumela ukuqapha okuphephile nokuphumelelayo kwamapayipi kawoyela negesi.
- Ubuchwepheshe bezinzwa obusabalalisiwe njenge-DTS ne-DAS buhlinzeka ngedatha yesikhathi sangempela ukuze kutholwe ukuvuza, ukuvinjwa, nezinye izinkinga kusenesikhathi, ukwehlisa ubungozi nezindleko.
- Ukukhetha uhlobo lwekhebula olulungilefuthi ukumboza kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile ezindaweni ezinokhahlo, okusekela ukuphepha kwamapayipi isikhathi eside kanye nempumelelo yokusebenza.
Izinselelo Nezinselelo Zekhebula Le-Fiber Optic Nezimfuneko Kumapayipi Kawoyela Negesi
Amazinga Okushisa Aphezulu kanye Nezindawo Ezonakalisayo
Amapayipi kawoyela negesi adalula ikhebula le-fiber optic ezimeni ezimbi kakhulu. Abaqhubi bafuna izintambo ezikwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu, ukucindezela okukhulu namakhemikhali abolayo. Ithebula elilandelayo ligqamisa izibalo zokusebenza ezibalulekile zamakhebuli asetshenziswa kulezi zindawo:
| Ipharamitha / Isici | Imininingwane / Izibalo |
|---|---|
| Ibanga Lokushisa Lokusebenza | Yeqa ku-300°C kumafayibha ezwa i-downhole |
| Ukumelana Nokucindezela | Kufika ku-25,000 psi kuma-reservoirs angajwayelekile |
| I-Corrosion Resistance Izici | Amasosha omzimba okwenza kube mnyama nge-hydrogen, imicu ye-carbon-coated yokunciphisa i-hydrogen-induced |
| Coating Technologies | I-Polyimide, i-carbon, ne-fluoride yokugqoka ithuthukisa ukumelana namakhemikhali |
| Amazinga Okushisa Okulawula | -55°C kuya ku-200°C, kufika ku-260°C ku-aerospace, 175°C iminyaka engu-10 (i-Saudi Aramco SMP-9000 spec) |
| Izicelo Ezikhethekile | Ukuqapha umthombo we-Subsea, ukumba ogwini, izitshalo ze-petrochemical |
Ukuqapha Kwesikhathi Sangempela Nokunemba Kwedatha
Intambo ye-Fiber optic inika amandlaokuqhubekayo, ukuqapha ngesikhathi sangempelalokushisa, ingcindezi, kanye nobunzima emapayipini. Ubuchwepheshe be-Distributed fibre optic sensing (DFOS) buthola okudidayo nokuvuza kumabanga amade, busekela ukungenelela okusheshayo kanye nokunciphisa ingozi. Ama-opharetha asebenzise izinga lokushisa elisabalalisiwe nezinzwa ze-acoustic ukuze ziqaphe ubuqotho bukasimende, zihlonze ukugeleza okunqamula phakathi kwezindawo zamachibi, futhi zibone amadivayisi okulawula ukungena axhunyiwe. Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zithuthukisa ukukhiqiza futhi zinciphisa isikhathi sokungenelela. I-Fiber optic cable systems iyalethai-bandwidth ephezulu kanye nokungavikeleki ekuphazamisekeni kwe-electromagnetic, ukuqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwedatha okuthembekile kokuqapha okukude.
Ukuphepha, Ukwethembeka, Nokuhambisana
Abaqhubi bepayipi babhekana nezinselelo ezimbalwa lapho befaka futhi begcina amasistimu ekhebula le-fiber optic:
- Ukufakwa kwenzwa okunembile kubalulekile ukuze kugwenywe ukuphazamisa ukugeleza koketshezi.
- Izinzwa ze-Fiber Bragg Grating ziba yindleko kumapayipi amade.
- Izinzwa ze-fiber optic ezisabalalisiwe zidinga imiklamo eyinkimbinkimbi yesakhiwo.
- Ukuziphatha kwe-viscoelastic kwezinto ezifana ne-HDPE kwenza kube nzima ukunemba kokulinganisa.
- Izindlela Zokuzwa Kwe-Acoustic ezisatshalalisiwe zidinga ukucutshungulwa kwesignali okuthuthukisiwe ngenxa yokuhlukahluka kwamasignesha okudlidliza.
- Amanethiwekhi ezinzwa ezindaweni ezikude adinga ukunikezwa kwamandla okuthembekile futhi anezele ezindlekweni zokusebenza.
Qaphela:Izixazululo zekhebula le-fiber opticukusiza abaqhubi ukuthi bahlangabezane nezindinganiso zokulawula, bathuthukise ukuphepha, futhi baqinisekise ukusebenza okuthembekile ezindaweni ezinokhahlo.
I-Fiber Optic Cable Technologies kanye Nezixazululo Zamazinga Okushisa Aphakeme
I-Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) kanye ne-Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS)
I-Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) kanye ne-Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) kuguqule ukuqapha kwamapayipi embonini kawoyela negesi. I-DTS isebenzisa ukuhlakazeka kokukhanya ngaphakathi kwentambo ye-fiber optic ukuze ilinganise izinguquko zokushisa kubo bonke ubude bayo. Lobu buchwepheshe buhlinzeka ngamaphrofayili okushisa aqhubekayo, anokulungiswa okuphezulu, abalulekile ukuze kutholwe ukuvuza, ukuvinjwa, noma amasignesha okushisa angavamile kumapayipi. Intuthuko yakamuva ku-DTS ihlanganisa izindlela ezisebenzayo, ezifana nokukhipha imithombo yokushisa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuzwela. Lezi zindlela-ukuhlolwa kwe-advection eshisayo, ukugawulwa kwentambo yokugeleza kwe-hybrid, nokuhlola ukushisa kwenhliziyo-kunikeza opharetha ikhono lokuqapha imithombo ejulile enokulungiswa okuphezulu kwendawo kanye nesikhashana. I-DTS idlula izinzwa zamaphuzu zendabuko, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinezinga lokushisa eliphezulu lapho okunembayo, idatha esabalalisiwe ibalulekile.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-DAS ithola amasiginali we-acoustic nokudlidliza ngentambo ye-fiber optic. Le sistimu ingaqapha izinkulungwane zamaphuzu ngesikhathi esisodwa, ithwebule izehlakalo ezifana nokuvuza, izinguquko zokugeleza, noma imisebenzi engagunyaziwe. I-DAS ikala ubunzima belongitudinal ngokuzwela kokuqondisa, kodwa ukusebenza kwayo kuncike ezicini ezifana ne-fiber orientation nokusebenza kahle kokuhlanganisa. Ezilungiselelweni zokushisa okuphezulu, izici zemishini ne-optical zekhebula zingashintsha, ezidinga ukuklama okuqinile nokucubungula isignali okuthuthukisiwe. Ndawonye, i-DTS ne-DAS zinika amandla ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela, okusabalalisa, ukusekela ukugcinwa okusebenzayo kanye nokusabela okusheshayo ezehlakalweni.
I-Dowell ihlanganisa ubuchwepheshe be-DTS kanye ne-DAS kuzixazululo zayo zekhebula le-fiber optic eliphezulu lokushisa, iqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile ezindaweni ezifunwa kakhulu zikawoyela negesi.
Izinhlobo zekhebula le-High-Temperature Fiber Optic Cable
Ukukhetha ikhebula le-fiber optic elilungile lezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinezinga eliphezulu lokushisa kuhlanganisa ukuqonda izinselele eziyingqayizivele zamapayipi kawoyela negesi. Abakhiqizi baklama imicu ye-optical ekhethekile ukuze imelane namazinga okushisa aphezulu, amakhemikhali abolayo, kanye nezindawo ezinomfutho ophezulu we-hydrogen. Ithebula elilandelayo lifingqa izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zekhebuli ye-fiber optic enezinga eliphezulu lokushisa kanye nezici zayo ezibalulekile:
| Uhlobo Lwekhebula | Izinga Lokushisa | I-Coating Material | Indawo Yesicelo |
|---|---|---|---|
| I-Polyimide-coated Fiber | Kufika ku-300°C | I-Polyimide | Inzwa ye-Downhole, ukuqapha kahle |
| I-Fiber ehlanganiswe nekhabhoni | Kufika ku-400°C | Ikhabhoni, iPolyimide | Izindawo ezinothe nge-hydrogen |
| I-Metal-coated Fiber | Kufika ku-700°C | Igolide, Aluminium | Izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu |
| I-Fluoride Glass Fiber | Kufika ku-500°C | Ingilazi yeFluoride | Izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuzwa ezikhethekile |
Onjiniyela bavame ukutshala lezi zintambo ezindaweni ezifakwe unomphela, njengama-casings, izintambo zokugawula ngocingo, nezintambo ezilula. Ukukhethwa kohlobo lwe-coating kanye ne-fiber kuncike ekushiseni okukhethekile, ukuchayeka kwamakhemikhali, kanye nengcindezi yemishini elindelwe ensimini. I-Dowell inikeza iphothifoliyo ephelele yeizixazululo zekhebula le-fiber optic eliphezulu lokushisa, eklanyelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezinzima zokusebenza kukawoyela negesi.
Izicelo Zomhlaba Wangempela Nezinzuzo
Izixazululo zekhebula le-fiber optic ezisezingeni eliphezulu ziletha izinzuzo ezibalulekile kulo lonke uchungechunge lwenani likawoyela negesi. Ama-opharetha asebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokuzwa obusabalalisiwe—i-DTS, i-DAS, ne-Distributed Vibration Sensing (DVS)—ukuqapha imisebenzi ye-downhole, okuhlanganisa ukuphuka kwe-hydraulic, ukubhoboza, nokukhiqizwa. Lawa masistimu ahlinzeka ngemininingwane yesikhathi sangempela ekusebenzeni kahle, okuvumela opharetha ukuba bakhulise okukhiphayo futhi banciphise isikhathi sokuphumula.
- Izintambo ezikhethekile ze-fiber optic zibekezelela izimo ezinzima, kuhlanganise nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu namakhemikhali abolayo.
- Inzwa esabalalisiwe inika amandla ukuqapha okuqhubekayo ukuze kutholwe ukuvuza, ukukalwa kokugeleza, nokuphathwa kwendawo yokugcina amanzi.
- Abasebenzisi bathola ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kokuvuza noma ukuvinjwa, okunciphisa ubungozi bendawo kanye nezindleko zokuyilungisa.
- Amasistimu amakhebula e-fiber optic athatha indawo yezinzwa zamaphuzu amaningi, enza ukufakwa kube lula nokwehlisa izindleko zesikhathi eside.
- Ukufakwa unomphela kuma-casings namapayipi kuqinisekisa ukuqoqwa kwedatha okuthembekile, kwesikhathi eside.
Ucwaningo lwezinombolo olubanzi, olusekelwa izivivinyo zenkambu yokuhlola, lubonisa ukusebenza kahle kobuchwepheshe bekhebula le-fiber optic yezinga eliphezulu lokushisa ekuqapheni amapayipi egesi yemvelo agqitshwe ngomfutho omkhulu. Abacwaningi basebenzise izindlela zokulingisa ezithuthukisiwe futhi bathola ukuthi izintambo ezibekwe phakathi kuka-100 mm wepayipi zithole ngokuthembekile izinguquko ezibangelwa ukuvuza kwezinga lokushisa. Ucwaningo luncoma ukuthi kubekwe izintambo ezine ze-fiber optic ngokulinganayo eduze kwesiyingi sepayipi ukuze limbozwe kahle. Imiphumela yokuhlola ifane kakhulu nezifaniso, eqinisekisa ukuba nokwenzeka nokunemba kwale ndlela yokuthola ukuvuza kwamapayipi okucindezela okukhulu.
Izifundo ezibuyekezwe ngontanga kanye namaphepha obuchwepheshe abhala ukuqamba okusha okuqhubekayo kubuchwepheshe be-fiber optic sensing. Le misebenzi iqinisekisa ukwethembeka nokusebenza kahle kwezinzwa zokushisa ezisabalalisiwe nezinzwa ze-fiber optic ezindaweni ezinokhahlo zenkundla kawoyela. Amasistimu e-Sensuron's Fiber Optic Temperature Sensing (FOSS), ngokwesibonelo, ahlinzeka ngokuqapha okuqhubekayo, okunokulungiswa okuphezulu kwezinga lokushisa eduze kwamapayipi, okuvumela ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kokuvuza noma ukuvinjwa. Ukungangeni kwamakhemikhali kobuchwepheshe kanye nokungavikeleki ekuphazamiseni kazibuthe kagesi kuyenza ilungele ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela negesi. Abasebenzisi bayazuza ekusebenzeni okuthuthukisiwe, isikhathi esincishisiwe, nokonga izindleko kukonke, naphezu kokutshalwa kwezimali okuphezulu kokuqala.
Izinkampani ezifana ne-Dowell ziyaqhubeka nokuqhubekisela phambili izixazululo zekhebula le-fiber optic, zisiza opharetha ukuthi bafeze imisebenzi yamapayipi ephephile, esebenza kahle kakhulu futhi enokwethenjelwa.
Ukukhetha ikhebula elungile yezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwamapayipi okuphephile nokusebenza kahle. Ukuthunyelwa komhlaba wangempela kugqamisa izinzuzo ezibalulekile:
- Ukutholwa kosongo kusenesikhathingokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokuqapha ezithuthukile.
- Ukugada okuthembekile okuhlanganisa ukubonwa komsindo nevidiyo.
- Ukulawulwa kwengozi okuthuthukisiwe kusetshenziswa amamodeli aqagelayo okwehluleka kwamapayipi.
Ukubonisana nochwepheshe bemboni kusiza abaqhubi ukuthi bathole ukuthobelana nokwethembeka kwesikhathi eside.
Ibhalwe ngu: Eric
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-09-2025